What factors affect the range of electric off-road motorcycles?
1.Vehicle factors
-Battery:
-Capacity: The larger the battery capacity, the more power it can store, and the longer the range in theory. For example, common electric motorcycle battery capacities are 12Ah, 20Ah, 30Ah, etc., and the corresponding range is 30 kilometers, 60 kilometers, 100 kilometers, etc.
-Type: Different types of lithium batteries have different performances, such as lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium batteries, etc., and their energy density, charge and discharge efficiency, etc. are different, which will affect the range performance.
-Aging degree: With the increase of usage time and the increase of charge and discharge times, the battery will gradually age and the performance will decrease, resulting in a shorter range.
-Temperature: In a low temperature environment, the activity of the battery active material decreases, the chemical reaction speed slows down, the battery discharge capacity decreases, and the range will be greatly reduced; a high temperature environment may accelerate battery aging and is not conducive to range.
-Motor power:
- The greater the motor power, the more energy is consumed when accelerating, climbing or driving at high speed, and the cruising range may be shortened accordingly. For example, while a high-power motor provides strong power, it also consumes electricity faster.
-Vehicle weight: The heavier the vehicle itself is, the greater the resistance it needs to overcome during driving, and the more energy it consumes, which affects the cruising range. With the same battery capacity, heavier electric off-road motorcycles may have a shorter cruising range.
-Tire condition:
-Tire pressure: Too low tire pressure will increase tire deformation, increase rolling resistance, consume more energy, and reduce cruising range; too high tire pressure will affect the vehicle's handling and comfort, and may even cause safety hazards.
-Tire type: Tubeless tires are light in weight and have low rolling resistance, which can increase cruising range; while tube tires are relatively heavy and have slightly greater rolling resistance.
-Vehicle configuration and components:
-Controller: If the controller fails or the undervoltage protection point is set unreasonably, the battery may not be able to fully perform, resulting in a short cruising range.
-Brake system: If the brake does not return to its original position, it will cause drag brake, excessive starting current, increase energy consumption, affect battery life, and in severe cases, damage the battery or controller.
-Electric door lock and wiring: Problems such as oxidation of the electric door lock or plug-in oxidation, moisture oxidation of the wiring, etc. will increase resistance, limit the passage of current, and cause the vehicle to run not far or fast.
2.Riding related factors
-Driving habits:
- Frequent acceleration, deceleration and sudden braking will cause the motor to output greater power instantly, consume more energy, and reduce the cruising range. Smooth driving and reasonable control of vehicle speed and braking frequency can help extend the cruising range.
-Load conditions: The greater the weight carried by the vehicle, the more energy is required when driving, and the cruising range will be shortened accordingly. Therefore, reducing unnecessary loads can increase the cruising range to a certain extent.
-Road conditions:
- Flat roads are conducive to saving energy and increasing cruising range; while uphill, potholes, uneven and complex road conditions will increase the vehicle's driving resistance, causing the motor to consume more energy to maintain speed, thereby shortening the cruising range.
- Congested roads will cause vehicles to start and stop frequently, increase energy consumption, and reduce endurance.
In summary, the range of electric off-road motorcycles is affected by many factors. In order to obtain a longer range, users can choose suitable models and configurations, maintain good usage habits, and pay attention to vehicle maintenance and care.